Microbiome-driven adaptations are fundamental to how both domesticated and wild animals respond to environmental challenges. The gut microbiota plays a central role in regulating nutrition, immune function, and resilience to environmental stressors. Notably, significant differences in microbiome composition and functionality are observed between wild and domesticated species, largely influenced by diet, habitat, and human interaction.…

Similar to humans, the gut microbiota of dogs is a diverse and dynamic community of microorganisms that plays a vital role in maintaining health. It contributes significantly to metabolism, immune function, and resistance to disease. In recent years, research has increasingly focused on understanding the composition and development of the canine gut microbiota, the factors…